Flujo de Genes en Alfalfa: Biología, Mitigación y Efectos Potenciales en la Producción
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62300/rnbr0547Palabras clave:
Flujo de genes, Alfalfa, Ingeniería genética, Estrategias de coexistencia, Presencia adventicia, Transferencia mediada por polen, Pureza genética, Distancias de aislamiento, Polinizadores, Mejores prácticas de manejoResumen
Esta publicación aborda el flujo de genes en la alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) y sus implicaciones para la coexistencia entre sistemas de producción genéticamente modificados (GE), convencionales y orgánicos. Explica los factores biológicos y agronómicos que influyen en el movimiento génico a través del polen y la semilla, y describe estrategias de mitigación para minimizar la presencia adventicia (AP) de rasgos GE en mercados sensibles. Los hallazgos clave indican que el flujo de genes en la producción de heno es extremadamente bajo debido a las cosechas frecuentes antes de la formación de semillas, mientras que la producción de semillas presenta mayor riesgo potencial, pero puede gestionarse eficazmente mediante distancias de aislamiento, control de polinizadores y mejores prácticas de manejo. El informe enfatiza estrategias de coexistencia basadas en la ciencia, incluyendo el uso de semillas certificadas, rotación de cultivos y eliminación de plantas ferales para mantener la pureza genética y el acceso al mercado.
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